Method and means for improving radioreception



y 1935' M. H. LIVINGSTON 2,000,529

METHOD AND MEANS FOR IMPROVING RADIORECEPTION Filed April 27, 1931 r@ en 1.0

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Patented May 7, 1935 V UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE:

g r 2,000,529 t 1 i METHOD AND MEANS FOR IMPRovIN RADIORECEPTION r Maurice H. Livingston, Chicago, Ill. Application'April 27, 1931, Serial No. 533,221

g I 15 Claims. This invention relates to improvements in radio reception and has special reference to means and methods of reducing or eliminating interference and static discharges, and rendering the 5 radio receiving apparatus more sensitive to slight differences in wave length, thus making it possible to separate sending stations which are close together and generally tomeans and methods for improving reception in all desired qualities.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for radio or wireless reception in the use of which all inside 'or outside aerials and lightning arrestors, etc., shall be eliminated, in fact, in which all connections with separate or fixed devices of this character shall be eliminated, it being only necessary to make connection with a current supply circuit such as an electric lighting circuit.

A further object is to provide such a means of radio or wireless reception as shall permit the placing of a radio receivingset in any desired or convenient room or placewithout the necessity of installing or making connection with aerials, lightning arrestors or the like, itfbeing merely into any convenient connection such as a wall socket or lampsocket of the local or house lighting system. i

In other words, bythe' use of this improvement in' reception, the portability of receiving sets is greatly enhanced. v

Theinvention resides ina novel method ofsubjecting a novel form of antenna to the inductive influence of a double connection with an associated source of current,'adapted to be closed for setting up or starting inductive influence and capable of operating in open circuit condition,-

A simple form of novel apparatus by which the method can'be carried out includes a double circuit' wire adapted to be plugged in to an electric light circuit, and provided at its free end with a current using device such as a lamp and a switch for turning the lamp on and off, and a single,

flexible antenna wire adapted to have meet its at 5 is lead through a suitable case or box 6. The case-6 may be made of any suitable ends secured to the antenna post of a receiving 'set and to be interwoven with the double circuit wire for a portion only of its length, the free end of the antenna wire being spread out in peculiar forms, the functions of which'are'to filter and clarify the induced impulses and quietly discharge all unwanted vibrations or Waves.

The spread out end portion of the antenna wire is bare of insulation and, preferably, certain parts thereof are covered witli'tinfoil, This'free end portion of the antennawire includes relais turned on but none when it is turned off, necessary to plug the receiving wire of the set 'ing'out my invention; and

tively short twisted sections connected by a section in which theindividual wires of the flexible antenna are spread out in a plane, preferably in a disk-like shape of appreciable diameter, and I invention resides in the fact that sudden impulses of current or damped wavetrains'such as are set up by approximately nearby electricity using devices such as electric carpet sweepers; ray or otherhig'h voltagemachines,

defective connections on street railway lines, etc, 20

cannot pass through to the radio set but are stopped or eliminated by the device. There may be a slight click when a near-byelectriclight The invention will'be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification and in which Fig; 1 is a fragmentary, elevational view of a novel apparatus which I have devised for carry- Fig. 2 is an enlarged, fragmentary view of a portion of Fig; '1; v I

In said drawing, 1 represents a double circuit wire provided at one end with means such as the V usual two prong plug 2 for connecting this circuit wire with a current supply circuit such as the house lighting system. Atits free end, this double circuitwire I is provided with a current using device, preferably in the form or a small electric lamp 3 anda switch means suchas'the pull lamp socket 4 for connecting and disconnecting the lamp 3.

Preferably, a portion of this doublecircuit, as

non-metallic material such as wood, cardboard, fiber, or the like. The case is merelyfor the purpose of protecting the parts mounted therein against inadvertent damage or disturbance.

The double circuit wire I, when connected to the house lighting circuit or any similar electric 7 system, brings to the apparatus the high tension impulses picked up by the supply circuit, the

lection and transmission of the projected radio waves.

The function of the device ,3 which can be connected to use at will, is to assist the set to I receive.

For taking off these waves. which are brought in by the double circuit wire I and making use of them in a radio receiving set, I provide a radio antenna wire I which is preferably a flexible wire made up of a number of small wires 8. This antenna wire I is interwoven for a portion of its length with the double circuit wire I, as shown at 9. The interwoven part 9 is, preferably, approximatelytwo feet long terminating adjacent to the lamp socket I at one end and atsubstantially the center of the bottom of the box 6 at the other end. One end ID of the antenna. wire I is connected to the antenna lead in post 'II of a radio receiving set ,(not shown) and the other end terminates within the box Ii. Prefer- .ably, the antenna wire I is bound rigidly to the wire I, at the point within the box where, it diverges, by insulation material I2 and the two are fixed to'thebottom of the box as by staples -I3 for. the purpose of receiving the terminal part minates, and this terminal part is formed to readily suggest themselves to one skilled in the art,

provide an efficient means for eliminating static charges which would otherwise pass into the receiving apparatus and produce undesired sounds. This'terminal part of the antenna is also peculiarly formed to assist in reducing or eliminating interference.

Beginning atthe point I5 at the termination of the insulation, the antenna wire is twisted tightly in one direction, as shown at I6, for a short distance, preferably about an inch in length, then the separate wires 8 of the antenna wire are spread out into the form of a flat loop I! of, preferably, approximately two inches in diameter and with the individual wires spaced from each other.

.Beyond the loop I! the wires 8 of the antenna wire I are again twisted tightly together for a short distance, as shown at I8, this section also being approximately one inch long and, preferably, the wires are twisted'in the opposite directerwoven with the double circuit wire, as shown at 9, is in peculiar inductive relation to the double a circuit wire. In its passage through this section, it passes from one side to the other of both of the wires of the double circuit wire in close and tight proximity thereto and the result amplified by the receiving apparatus is what may be termed per- I fect radio reception.

The filtering and clarifier loop I1 and the dispenser I9 serve-to eliminate all waves which are but. slightlydifferent from the 'waves for which the receiving apparatus is set, with the result that the possible tuning out of any but the one station wanted has been brought to a very fine point. Indeed. stations whichare supposed to operate on the same way length but which actually vary a trifle have been separated.

As a further refinement, I cover certain parts of the terminal with a layer of tinfoil such, for instance, as the insulation I2 and the lower portion of the lower twisted section I6, as shown at 20; also the outer wires of the clarifier loop II, as

shown at 22. This addition of the tinfoil covering approximately nine feet long from the plug 2 to the lamp socket 4.

The device is arranged to be hung upon a wall,

' being provided with a suspension device such as an eye 23 fixed at its upper end but it is equally efficient any other position.

Applicant believes that the method of collecting radio waves and reducing or eliminating interferencewhich isdisclosed herein, consists in subjecting a portion of a single flexible antenna wire to the inductive effect of a double-circuit aerial wire, transmitting the desired waves to the receiving set by the connection-of one end of the antenna wire with the set, and reducing or eliminating undesired electrical impulses that is interference, by the use of the loops I and spreadout ends I!) of the antenna wire.

As many modifications of the invention Will I do not limit or confine the invention to the specific mode or method or to the specific details of construction herein described and illustrated.

I claim:

1. In an apparatus of the kind and for the purpose described, a flexible radio antenna wire having ,a free end and being closely interwoven with a pair of electric circuit wires for a relatively short part of the total length thereof, the free end of the antenna wire having the individual wires thereof spread out in approximately fan shape andlocated at a point removed from the end of the electric circuit wires.

2. In an apparatus of the kind and for the purpose. specified, a flexible double circuit wire adapted to be connected at one end to a current supply circuit such as an electric light circuit, a current using device such as a lamp at the free end of said double circuit wire, means for connecting and disconnecting the current using device, an antenna wire adapted to be connected at one end of the antenna post of a radio receiving set, and at a distance from said end closely interwoven with the double circuit wire beginning adjacent to the current using device and continuing but a relatively short distance, the free end of the antenna wire being spread out into fan shape and provided with a plurality of terminal points.

3. The invention as defined in claim 1, the free end of the antenna wire being bared of insulation and a portion thereof spread out in the form of aflat loop or ring between the point where it leaves the double circuit wire and the i spreading out of the free end.

4. The invention as defined in claim 1, the free end of the antenna wire beingbare, and the individual wires thereof being twisted tightly together for a short space as it leaves the double circuit wire, then spread out into a flat ring-like loop, then twisted together tightly again for a short distance and then spread out fan-wise providing a plurality of thin, relatively long points.-

pose specified, a multiple stranded antenna wire,

5. The invention as defined in claim 1, the double circuit wire being in the form of two insulated wires twisted together and the antenna wire being interwoven therewith.

6. The invention as defined in claim 1, the fre end of the antenna wire being bared and parts thereof covered with tinfoil. V

7. In an apparatus of the kind and for the purpose specified, a flexible double circuit wire adapted to be connected at one end to a current supply circuit such as an electric light circuit, a current using device such as a lamp at the free end of said double circuit wire, means for connecting and disconnecting the current using device, an antenna wire adapted to be connected at one end to the antenna post of a radio receiving set, and at a distance from said end interwoven with the double circuit wire beginning adjacent to the current using device and continuing but a relatively short distance, the free end of the antenna wire being bared, and the individual wires thereof twisted tightly together for a relatively short distance, then spread out in a flat loop form, then again twisted tightly together for a like relatively short distance, then spread out in a fan shape, the first twisted portion being partly covered with tinfoil and the outer strands in the flat loop being likewise covered with tinfoil.

8. The invention as defined in claim 1, the free end of the antenna wire extending out from the double circuit wire at substantially right angles thereto.

9. The invention as defined in claim 1, the free end of the antenna wire extending out from the double circuit wire at substantially right angles thereto, and insulation material binding the antenna wire to the double circuit wire at the point of divergence, and means for retaining same rigidly in place.

10. The invention as defined in claim 1, the free end of the antenna wire extending out from the double circuit wire at substantially right angles thereto, and insulation material binding the antenna wire to the double circuit wire at the point of divergence, and means for retaining same rigidly in place, and said insulation material being covered with tinfoil which also extends for a short distance on the free end of the antenna wire.

11. In apparatus of the kind and for the pura double wire adapted at one end to be connected to a current supply circuit'such as an electric light circuit, a device such as an electric lamp for using current at the opposite end of said double wire, the twov wires of same being twisted together, and the antenna wire interwoven tightly with the double wire for a portion only of its length adjacent to the electricity using device,

the single wire covered with insulation where it.

is interwoven with the double wire, the single wire being bared of insulation beyond the ter-' mination of the interwoven section and said single wire terminating near said end of the interwoven section and the ends of the several strands thereof spread out in fan shape in approximately a single plane.

12. The invention as definedin claim 11, and the strands of a portion of the bared end of the single wire being spread out in the form of an open disk or loop.

13. The invention as defined in claim 11, the bared end of the single wire being twisted in one direction adjacent to its point of departure from the double wire, then spread out to form a disk or loop, then twisted for a short distance in the opposite direction, then the ends of the strands spread out in fan shape in approximately a single plane.

14. The invention as defined in claim 11, the double circuit wire being approximately nine feet long from end to end, the antenna wire being approximately seven feet long and interwoven with the double circuit wire approximately two feet.

15. The invention as defined in claim 11, the bared end of the single wire being twisted in one direction adjacent to its point of departure from the double wire, then spread out to form a disk, then twisted for a short distance in the opposite direction, then the ends of the strands spread out in fanshape in approximately a single plane, the disk being approximately two inches in diameter, the twisted sections of the antenna wire being each approximately one inch in length, and the spread out ends of the strands being approximately five inches in length.

MAURICE H. LIVINGSTON. 

